SW UMa
Type: SU Ursae Majoris
AAVSO lightcurve (2020 )
AAVSO lightcurve (index)
These variables are characterized by the presence of two types of outbursts called
"normal" and "super-outbursts". Normal, short outbursts are similar to those of UGSS
stars, while super-outbursts are brighter by 2 magnitudes, are more than five times
longer (wider), and occur several times less frequently. During super-outbursts the light
curves show superposed periodic oscillations (super-humps), their periods being close
to the orbital ones and amplitudes being about 0.2-0.3 magnitudes in V. Orbital periods
are shorter than 0.1 days; companions are of dM spectral type.
AAVSO Legacy Cataclysmic Variable Programme
AAVSO Alert Notice 617, 5 March 2018 Multiwavelength observations of YZ Cnc,
SU UMa, and CR Boo outbursts
Bob Jacobs (Ph.D. candidate, Radboud University) and Drs. Samaya Nissanke
(Radboud University), Jennifer Barnes (Columbia University), and Deanne Coppejans
(Northwestern University) have requested AAVSO observers' assistance in monitoring
the cataclysmic variables YZ Cnc, SU UMa, and CR Boo. The goal is to build good
multicolor light curves of two outbursts of CR Boo and two superoutbursts each of YZ
Cnc and SU UMa. Nightly observations of these stars in any Johnson-Cousins band are
requested. When an appropriate outburst occurs, observers should switch to multiple
observations per night in 3 or more (more preferred) Johnson-Cousins bands
(U,B,V,R,I,J,H,K) spread across the spectrum if possible. It is essential to switch to the
higher cadence and multiple bands as soon as possible after the outburst begins.
Continue until the star returns to minimum, then resume nightly observations. Visual
observations are welcome and are encouraged. The astronomers want to catch the
target outbursts as early as possible. If you see an outburst beginning, please notify the
AAVSO immediately via the forum thread for this campaign, and submit your
observation(s) as soon as possible.
The astronomers provide the following background information: "Last year's Nobel Prize
in Physics went to three researchers in the field of gravitational waves. Two weeks later
gravitational wave astronomers announced the discovery of a gravitational wave signal
from a merger of two neutron stars. This system also emitted optical light right after the
merger and it was observed by many telescopes on the southern hemisphere. The new
type of transient was called a "kilonova" or "macronova". When two neutron stars
merge, they emit large amounts of matter in ejecta (on the order of 1/100th-1/10th the
mass of the Sun). These ejecta are neutron rich. Atoms in the ejecta will capture these
neutrons and become much heavier than the atoms created in supernovae. They
subsequently decay to stable elements like gold and platinum, heating up the ejecta and
making it emit optical and infrared light. Kilonovae could account for all of the gold and
platinum in the universe. That's why we would like to observe more kilonovae and test
this hypothesis (plus many more). Kilonova observations will also put tighter constraints
on gravitational waveforms and therefore the theory of General Relativity. Because
kilonovae last for only ~10 days, it's important to catch them as early as possible, which
requires good observing strategies. "In order to observe more kilonovae the Radboud
University, KU Leuven and NOVA are building the optical telescope BlackGEM in Chile.
Upon an alert from the gravitational wave observatories, BlackGEM, together with other
observatories, will try to discover the kilonova as quickly as possible.
In order to find optimal observing strategies to find the kilonova as quickly as possible,
we are trying to simulate how many transients of each type (e.g. Supernovae, dwarf
novae, AM CVNs etc.) one would see in what parts of the sky with BlackGEM in each of
its color-bands. These transients could be false-positives in the search for the kilonova:
they may be indistinguishable from kilonovae. We want to have as few false-positives
and as many correctly identified kilonovae as possible. The simulator will also be
applicable in other fields of astronomy where estimates are needed for the variability of
the night sky. "For our simulation we use photometry from telescopes to model the
temporal evolution of transients. Thanks to the AAVSO community we already have
excellent multi-color light curves for SS Cyg and Z Cam type cataclysmic variable
outbursts (U Gem and RX And). Unfortunately there aren't yet any light curves available
for SU UMa or AM CVn type outbursts with sufficient multi- color coverage to use in our
models.